Root Aliphatic Suberin Analysis Using Non-extraction or Solvent-extraction Methods
[Abstract] Here we describe both non-extraction and solvent-extraction methods for root aliphatic suberin analysis. The non-extraction method is fast as roots are directly depolymerized using acidic transmethylation. However, suberin aliphatic components are isolated together with all the other acyl chains making up the lipids (e.g., membranes) ...
Procedure for Rhamnolipids Quantification Using Methylene-blue
[Abstract] Rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) represent a group of biosurfactants with various applications (e.g., bioremediation of oil spills, cosmetics, detergents and cleaners). The commonly used colorimetric methods for rhamnolipid quantification, including anthrone, phenol−sulfuric acid and ...
Protocol for Macrophage Depletion from Mice
Authors: Zuoxiang Xiao and
Qun Jiang,
date: 06/05/2014,
view: 17689,
Q&A: 0
[Abstract] Macrophage depletion has been used extensively to study autoimmune disease and more recently in tumor models. The clodronate-containing liposomes will be recognized as foreign particles and get engulfed by macrophages upon dosing into the animal by the chosen routes. Consequently, macrophages that have engulfed liposomes will all be destroyed by ...
Preparation of Outer Membrane Vesicle from Escherichia coli
Authors: Oh Youn Kim,
Bok Sil Hong,
Kyong-Su Park,
Yae Jin Yoon,
Seng Jin Choi,
Won Hee Lee,
Tae-Young Roh,
Yoon-Keun Kim and
Yong Song Gho,
date: 12/05/2013,
view: 20031,
Q&A: 2
[Abstract] Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical bilayered phospholipids of 20-200 nm in size produced from all Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria investigated to date. Previous biochemical and proteomic studies have revealed that the Gram-negative bacteria-derived OMVs are composed of various components like outer membrane proteins, ...
Analysis of Flower Cuticular Waxes and Cutin Monomers
Authors: Anna Smirnova,
Jana Leide and
Markus Riederer,
date: 09/20/2013,
view: 8991,
Q&A: 0
[Abstract] Here we describe procedures for the flower cuticular waxes extraction, modification and subsequent qualitative and quantitative analysis by gas-chromotography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas-chromotography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID), accordingly. To characterize flower cutin monomers two experimental setup are described: (i) ...
Wax Analysis of Stem and Rosette Leaves in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tegan M Haslam and
Ljerka Kunst,
date: 06/05/2013,
view: 13213,
Q&A: 1
[Abstract] The primary aerial surfaces of all land plants are coated by a lipidic cuticle, which restricts non-stomatal water loss and protects the plant from pathogens, herbivores, and ultraviolet radiation. The cuticle is made up of two components: cutin, a polymer of hydroxy- and epoxy- long-chain fatty acid derivatives and glycerol, and cuticular waxes, ...