Biochemistry

Small heat shock proteins (sHSP) are stress proteins which are ubiquitously found in almost all living organisms. They function as molecular chaperones, which assist in protein folding during translation and in the prevention of irreversible protein ...

PI3-kinases regulate a wide range of cellular responses through the production of phosphatidylinositol 3, 4, 5-trisphosphate [PI (3, 4, 5) P (3)] in cellular membranes. This protocol provides a highly efficient and easy-to-handle method for ...

Plant roots secret a lot of peroxidases to counteract environmental influences. This protocol describes a way to extract root apoplastic wall fluid from Arabidopsis plants and to determine the peroxidase activity using guaiacol as substrate.