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Multiple Simultaneous Acute Stresses in Mice: Single or Repeated Induction

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RNA Extraction from Ears and Draining Lymph Nodes of Mice Infected with Leishmania amazonensis

Authors: Emilie Giraud and Evie Melanitou, date: 06/05/2020, view: 646, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Parasites of the genus Leishmania infect the mammalian hosts, including mice and humans and cause cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis depending upon the parasite species transmitted by the vector sandfly. Leishmania amazonensis is one of the Leishmania species responsible for the cutaneous form of the disease. We have ...

A Triple-challenge Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Disease, Primary Influenza Infection, and Secondary Bacterial Infection

Authors: Sean Roberts, Clare M Williams, Sreeja Roy and Yoichi Furuya, date: 04/20/2020, view: 702, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Asthma is a global problem that affects millions of individuals. An increased risk of respiratory viral and bacterial infections is one of the complications of asthma. We recently reported that mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease (AAD) are protected against influenza-Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infection. Here, we describe ...

Preparation of Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) Germ-free Larvae for Host-gut Microbes Interaction Studies

Authors: Abrar Muhammad, Prosper Habineza, Youming Hou and Zhanghong Shi, date: 12/20/2019, view: 1531, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, is a devastating pest of palm trees worldwide. RPW gut is colonized by diverse bacterial species which profoundly influence host development and nutritional metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms behind the interactions between RPW and its gut microbiota remain mostly ...

Amplex Red Assay for Measuring Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Caenorhabditis elegans

Authors: Ozgur Karakuzu, Melissa R. Cruz, Yi Liu and Danielle A. Garsin, date: 11/05/2019, view: 2829, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Reagents such as Amplex^® Red have been developed for detecting hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and are used to measure the release of H₂O₂ from biological samples such as mammalian leukocytes undergoing the oxidative burst. Caenorhabditis elegans is commonly used as a model host in the study ...

Visualizing Hypoxia in a Murine Model of Candida albicans Infection Using in vivo Biofluorencence

Authors: José Pedro Lopes and Constantin F. Urban, date: 08/05/2019, view: 1652, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Candida albicans is a leading human fungal pathogen that uses several metabolic adaptations to escape immune cells and causes systemic disease. Here, we describe a protocol for measuring one of these adaptations, the ability to thrive in hypoxic niches. Hypoxia was generated after successful subdermal infection with C. albicans ...

Tracking Root Interactions System (TRIS) Experiment and Quality Control

Authors: Hassan Massalha, Elisa Korenblum, Orr H. Shapiro and Asaph Aharoni, date: 04/20/2019, view: 3007, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Soil organisms are diverse taxonomically and functionally. This ecosystem experiences highly complex networks of interactions, but may also present functionally independent entities. Plant roots, a metabolically active hotspot in the soil, take an essential part in shaping the rhizosphere. Tracking the dynamics of root-microbe interactions at high ...

Use of Gas Chromatography to Quantify Short Chain Fatty Acids in the Serum, Colonic Luminal Content and Feces of Mice

Authors: Willian Rodrigues Ribeiro, Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, Leandro Augusto Calixto and Caroline Marcantonio Ferreira, date: 11/20/2018, view: 7101, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) are a product of the fermentation of resistant starches and dietary fibers by the gut microbiota. The most important SCFA are acetate (C2), propionate (C3) and butyrate (C4). These metabolites are formed and absorbed in the colon and then transported through the hepatic vein to the liver. SCFAs are more concentrated ...

Quantification of the Composition Dynamics of a Maize Root-associated Simplified Bacterial Community and Evaluation of Its Biological Control Effect

Authors: Ben Niu and Roberto Kolter, date: 06/20/2018, view: 4480, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Besides analyzing the composition and dynamics of microbial communities, plant microbiome research aims to understanding the mechanism of plant microbiota assembly and their biological functions. Here, we describe procedures to investigate the role of bacterial interspecies interactions in root microbiome assembly and the beneficial effects of the ...

Transplantation of Fecal Microbiota Shaped by Diet

Authors: Keiran H. McLeod, Linda Mason and Eliana Mariño, date: 01/05/2018, view: 5286, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Alterations in diet and gut microbial ecology underlie the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, we found high concentrations of bacterial metabolites acetate and butyrate in blood and faeces correlated with protection from disease. We reconstituted germ free (GF) NOD mice with fecal bacteria from protected ...

Oral Microbiome Characterization in Murine Models

Authors: Loreto Abusleme, Bo-Young Hong, Anilei Hoare, Joanne E. Konkel, Patricia I. Diaz and Niki M. Moutsopoulos, date: 12/20/2017, view: 5197, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The oral microbiome has been implicated as a trigger for immune responsiveness in the oral cavity, particularly in the setting of the inflammatory disease periodontitis. The protocol presented here is aimed at characterizing the oral microbiome in murine models at steady state and during perturbations of immunity or physiology. Herein, we describe ...

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