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Hypochlorous Acid Staining with R19-S in the Drosophila Intestine upon Ingestion of Opportunistic Bacteria

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TZA, a Sensitive Reporter Cell-based Assay to Accurately and Rapidly Quantify Inducible, Replication-competent Latent HIV-1 from Resting CD4⁺ T Cells

Authors: Anwesha Sanyal, Vatsala S. Rangachar and Phalguni Gupta, date: 05/20/2019, view: 188, Q&A: 0

The latent HIV-1 viral reservoir in resting CD4⁺ (rCD4⁺) T cells represents a major barrier to an HIV-1 cure. There is an ongoing effort to identify therapeutic approaches that will eliminate or reduce the size of this ...

Hypochlorous Acid Staining with R19-S in the Drosophila Intestine upon Ingestion of Opportunistic Bacteria

Authors: Salma Hachfi, Olivia Benguettat and Armel Gallet, date: 05/20/2019, view: 106, Q&A: 0

The intestine is endowed with an innate immune system that is required to fight any exogenous bacteria that are swallowed along with the food. The first line of defense that is mounted by the gut epithelium is the release of immune Reactive Oxygen ...

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TZA, a Sensitive Reporter Cell-based Assay to Accurately and Rapidly Quantify Inducible, Replication-competent Latent HIV-1 from Resting CD4⁺ T Cells

Authors: Anwesha Sanyal, Vatsala S. Rangachar and Phalguni Gupta, date: 05/20/2019, view: 188, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The latent HIV-1 viral reservoir in resting CD4⁺ (rCD4⁺) T cells represents a major barrier to an HIV-1 cure. There is an ongoing effort to identify therapeutic approaches that will eliminate or reduce the size of this reservoir. However, clinical investigators lack an assay to determine whether or not a decrease in the ...

Hypochlorous Acid Staining with R19-S in the Drosophila Intestine upon Ingestion of Opportunistic Bacteria

Authors: Salma Hachfi, Olivia Benguettat and Armel Gallet, date: 05/20/2019, view: 106, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The intestine is endowed with an innate immune system that is required to fight any exogenous bacteria that are swallowed along with the food. The first line of defense that is mounted by the gut epithelium is the release of immune Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl), into the lumen. HOCl is produced within 1.5 h of ...

Evaluation of Mucosal and Systemic Vaccine Responses by Cyclic di-GMP (CDG)-adjuvanted Protein Subunit Vaccines

Authors: Samira Mansouri and Lei Jin, date: 04/20/2019, view: 290, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Intranasal administration of vaccine adjuvants directly deliver therapeutic agents to the lungs to induce potent lung mucosal immune responses. Cyclic di-GMP (CDG) is a promising mucosal vaccine adjuvant candidate capable of inducing protective immunity. This protocol describes an in vivo approach to induce and detect mucosal (lung) and ...

Time-lapse Whole-field Fluorescence Imaging of Microglia Processes Motility in Acute Mouse Hippocampal Slices and Analysis

Authors: Bernadette Basilico, Barbara Cortese, Patrizia Ratano, Silvia Di Angelantonio and Davide Ragozzino, date: 04/20/2019, view: 387, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In the last year, the improvements in the transgenic mouse technologies and imaging techniques have shed light on microglia functions under physiological conditions. Microglia continuously scan the brain parenchyma with their highly motile processes, maintaining tissue ...

Quantification of Serum Ovalbumin-specific Immunoglobulin E Titre via in vivo Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Assay

Authors: Kyle T Mincham, Jonatan Leffler, Naomi M Scott, Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset, Philip A Stumbles, Patrick G Holt and Deborah Strickland, date: 03/05/2019, view: 490, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Murine models of allergic airway disease are frequently used as a tool to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of tissue-specific asthmatic disease pathogenesis. Paramount to the success of these models is the induction of experimental antigen sensitization, as indicated by the presence of antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin E. The ...

Early Life Ovalbumin Sensitization and Aerosol Challenge for the Induction of Allergic Airway Inflammation in a BALB/c Murine Model

Authors: Kyle T Mincham, Naomi M Scott, Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset, Jonatan Leffler, Philip A Stumbles, Patrick G Holt and Deborah H Strickland, date: 03/05/2019, view: 562, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The early life period represents a time of immunological plasticity whereby the functionally immature immune system is highly susceptible to environmental stimulation. Perennial aeroallergen and respiratory viral infection induced sporadic episodes of lung inflammation during this temporal window represent major risk factors for initiation of ...

Characterization of Mouse Adult Testicular Macrophage Populations by Immunofluorescence Imaging and Flow Cytometry

Authors: Noushin Mossadegh-Keller and Michael H. Sieweke, date: 03/05/2019, view: 670, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Testicular macrophages (tMΦ) are the most abundant immune cells residing in the testis, an immune-privileged organ. TMΦ are known to exhibit different functions, such as protecting spermatozoa from auto-immune attack by producing immunosuppressive cytokines and trophic roles in supporting spermatogenesis and male sex hormone production. They also ...

DNA Immunization Using in vivo Electroporation for Generating Monoclonal Antibodies Against Mouse IL-9R

Authors: Shogo Takatsuka, Hiroyuki Yamada, Kei Haniuda, Marina Ichihashi, Joe Chiba and Daisuke Kitamura, date: 02/20/2019, view: 696, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Membrane proteins such as cytokine receptors and G protein-coupled receptors can be drug targets. Recently, we have generated specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the mouse IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) and found that IL-9R on memory B cells have critical roles in T-dependent immune response. So far, most antibodies against cell surface proteins ...

Induced Germinal Center B Cell Culture System

Authors: Kei Haniuda and Daisuke Kitamura, date: 02/20/2019, view: 1103, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The germinal center (GC) is the site where B cells undergo clonal expansion, affinity-based selection, and differentiation into memory B cells or plasma cells. It has been difficult to elucidate regulatory mechanisms for the dynamic GC B cell maturation and differentiation, partly because experimental manipulation of GC B cells in vivo ...

Induction and Analysis of Anti-CD40-induced Colitis in Mice

Authors: Barbara Joyce-Shaikh, Daniel J. Cua and David Bauché, date: 02/05/2019, view: 1090, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Colon inflammation or colitis affects more than 1 million people worldwide. Several pre-clinical models, including chemical-induced (i.e., DSS, TNBS) or pathogen-induced (i.e., Citrobacter rodentium) have been used to study mechanisms involved in the development and regulation of colitis. Anti-CD40 induced colitis model ...

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