2.2. Nanoemulsion Preparation

A conventional emulsion was prepared using GMO (16% w/v) and Cremophor RH40 (4% w/v). Quercetin (0.25% w/v) was added under stirring to GMO and Cremophor RH40. The mixture was then dispersed in water under stirring for 30 min to form an emulsion. This emulsion was used for comparison. A nanoemulsion of Quercetin formed spontaneously in an oil phase of GMO, Cremophor RH40 and PEG 400 (1:8:1). Various amounts of Quercetin (10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 350, 500 and 750 mg) were added to 10 gram of oil phase. Quercetin, oil, surfactant and co-surfactant were stirred at 100 rpm for 2 h. Further sonication for 1 h using a bath sonicator was applied to complete the mixing process. To obtain nanoemulsion, deionized water was added to the oil phase at a ratio of 5:1 and stirred gently

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