2.11. Glucose uptake and lactate production

Indicated cells in the exponential growth phase were seeded in triplicate at a density of 2.5 × 10⁴ cells/mL in 24-well plates. Overnight,  the medium was replaced with complete DMEM supplemented with 1% pen/strep, and the culture medium was collected after a 24-h incubation step to analyze glucose and lactate levels using a YSI 2950 STAT Plus instrument. Glucose uptake and lactate production were determined by calculating the differences in glucose and lactate concentrations between the cell culture medium and fresh medium without cells.