Procedure

The study recruited participants over the course of treatment cycles between February 2018 and November 2019. Treatment cycles alternated offering treatment-as-usual plus yoga and treatment-as usual only, such that all participants within a given cohort received the same treatment condition. Pre-treatment assessments were administered on approximately the second day of the Womankind treatment program (or when the patient was appropriately stable), and all measures except for those pertaining to demographics and substance use were repeated in the post-treatment assessment, which was administered on the penultimate day of programming (ie, 34th day of treatment). Patients were randomized to the extent that no assignment was made with regard to when they enrolled in treatment, but no formal randomization process was used. The study was a quality improvement investigation of a clinical innovation at Womankind, not a clinical trial and therefore was not registered in a clinical trial database. The study was approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (protocol #10944).