Statistics

Data are presented as the mean±S.D. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare serial biochemical data and vital signs. For physiological, behavioral, and biochemical parameters, the data were analyzed by two-way repeated factor analysis of variance. When the analysis of variance showed significant variance, the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test was used. Parameters such as histological scores and the immunefluorescence staining data with non-normal distribution were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc test. We used GraphPad Prism (version 7.01 for Windows; GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) to analyze the data and set the statistically significant level at P < 0.05.