CCD-18Co human colon fibroblast cell line (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) was cultured in Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) (ATCC) supplemented with L-glutamine, 10% heat-inactivated FBS (Invitrogen) and 1% streptomycin and penicillin (Sigma-Aldrich) at 37 °C and 5% CO2. To perform mRNA expression analysis and Annexin/PI staining, CCD-18Co cells were seeded in 6-well plates (n = 6 well/treatment group) at a density of 5 × 105 cells/well, for fibroblast migration, MTT and SiriusRed assays, cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 104 cells/well (n = 5 well/treatment group). After plating, cells were treated with recombinant IL-24 (100 ng/ml, R&D), TGF-β1 (1 nM, R&D) or PDGF-B (10 ng/ml, R&D). Control cells were treated with corresponding solvents (IL-24 and PDGF-B: PBS; TGF-β1: 4 mM HCl) alone.
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