ECMO Transfer Logistics

Our institution contracted with air and ground transport services for ECMO transport. Prior to our mobile ECMO team inception, high fidelity mock ECMO transfers were conducted with the ambulance and air transport teams utilizing actual transport vehicles (including helicopters). These mock scenarios included our center specific ECMO equipment as well as other patient support devices such as infusion pumps, chest tubes, intra-aortic balloon pumps, and Impella heart pumps (Abiomed, Davers, Massachusetts) or other ventricular assist devices that may be present. Equipment, personnel, physical space, lighting, and climate were all assessed. After each mock transfer, the involved teams debriefed and determined required modifications utilizing a needs assessment tool. Multiple adjustments to personnel and equipment were made, and patient transport guidelines were developed. All ECMO staff were trained in helipad safety. During the COVID-19 pandemic, training on PPE utilization and adherence during transport was performed according to Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines.²⁴ Annual ECMO training and competencies are required of all staff involved in ECMO transports.