The assay was performed as described by us previously (Malhi et al., 2006). Cells were plated in 96-well plates (Corning Inc., Corning, NY, United States). Caspase activity assay was performed using the commercially available Apo-ONE homogeneous caspase 3/7 assay (Promega Corp.) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, this assay involves cleavage of a profluorescent caspase 3/7 consensus substrate, bis-(N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamyl-L-valyl-aspartic acid amide) conjugated to rhodamine 110 (Z-DEVD-R110) on its carboxyl-terminal side. Proteolytic cleavage liberates rhodamine 110, unquenching its fluorescence. Fluorescence was measured using excitation and emission wavelengths of 498 and 521 nm, respectively.
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