In vitro glycosyltransferase activity assay

For assay using radio-labelled B. subtilis or E. coli lipid II, experiments were performed as published (Egan and Vollmer, 2016). For assay using ATTO-550 lipid II, experiments were performed as published in (Barrett et al., 2007, van’t Veer et al., 2016) with modifications according to (Egan et al., 2018). Glycan strands were separated by Tris-Tricine SDS-PAGE.