Vascular cells were isolated from surgical leftover of human vena saphena magna and used in accordance to the Dutch guidelines for secondary-use materials. The cells were expanded conforming conventional protocols40. Due to their structural properties, these cells have earlier been characterized as myofibroblasts40,41. However, a subpopulation of these cells do not express α-SMA, which is more characteristic for fibroblasts41. Therefore, we refer to these cells as mFBs. mFBs were cultured in a-DMEM containing 10% FBS, 1% P/S, and 1% GlutaMax in a standard culture incubator (37 °C, 5% CO2) and passaged at 80% confluency. Culture medium was changed every 3–4 days.
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