SNP validation by Sanger sequencing

We used Sanger sequencing for the genotyping of SNP loci rs1493232, rs338882, and rs1357617. Primer3 (v0.4.0) [33, 34] was used to design the PCR primer pairs for rs1493232 and rs338882. The PCR primers for rs1357617 were from Zhang et al. [35]. The primer pair sequences are provided in Table S1. PCR was performed with TaKaPa Taq hot start version (Takara Bio Company, Japan) and the following thermal cycling regimen: 180 s at 98 °C, followed by 35 cycles of 30 s at 98 °C, 30 s at 62 °C, and 45 s at 72 °C. Sanger sequencing was conducted by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China).