4.2.1. Validation Survey

The drafted questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 35 lay individuals who agreed to participate in the survey and satisfied the inclusion criteria of current or previous use of antimicrobials for ≥3 days. At the end of the draft questionnaire, the survey participants were asked about (1) how clear the survey items were and (2) how difficult each item was to answer using free text responses as well as 10-point Likert scales. The collected responses of the validation survey were analyzed to identify issues and problems associated with the drafted questionnaire. The survey items with issues and/or problems were revised by replacing words, deleting the irrelevant phrases, and rephrasing sentences to improve the questionnaire. After the revision, further validation was conducted to develop the final questionnaire and perform a pilot survey study.