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Antenatal depressive symptoms

DP Despina Pampaka
SP Stefania I. Papatheodorou
MA Mohammad AlSeaidan
RW Rihab Al Wotayan
RW Rosalind J. Wright
JB Julie E. Buring
DD Douglas W. Dockery
CC Costas A. Christophi
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The main exposure of interest was the experience of antenatal depressive symptoms which were assessed during pregnancy using the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS). This is the same tool as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) which was originally developed to assess postnatal depression. However, some studies showed that subscales of the EPDS could also screen for anxiety and anhedonia [31]. The tool has 10 items, which take a score of 0–3 each with 3 corresponding to higher depression or anxiety. Different cut-off points for defining the presence of depressive symptoms have been recommended in the literature. The questionnaire was not validated in this study population, therefore the cut-off point of EDS ≥ 10 was used to define depressive symptoms, similar to other multi-ethnic studies [32, 33].

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