2.2.3. Outcome Measurement

In this study, hypertensive self-care practice were measured using six domains: regular physical activity, salt reduction, cessation of smoking, moderation of alcohol consumption, and weight reduction [16].

  Regular physical activity: participants performing regular physical activity ≥30 minutes per day, at least 4 days per week

  Salt reduction: reduce salt when preparing foods and avoid or limit the consumption of salty foods

  Smoking cessation: hypertensive patients who did not smoke any pack of cigarettes

  Moderation of alcohol consumption: daily alcohol consumption does not exceed 2 standard drinks per day for men and 1 standard drink per day for women (1 standard drink = 10 gram alcohol)

  Weight management: manage weight through dietary practice as well as performing exercise to lose weight

  Medication adherence: hypertensive patients took medication at the recommended dosage and time