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Appraising studies and guideline-related frameworks

JC Jennifer Couturier
DP Danielle Pellegrini
CM Catherine Miller
NB Neera Bhatnagar
AB Ahmed Boachie
KB Kerry Bourret
MB Melissa Brouwers
JC Jennifer S. Coelho
GD Gina Dimitropoulos
SF Sheri Findlay
CF Catherine Ford
JG Josie Geller
SG Seena Grewal
JG Joanne Gusella
LI Leanna Isserlin
MJ Monique Jericho
NJ Natasha Johnson
DK Debra K. Katzman
MK Melissa Kimber
AL Adele Lafrance
AL Anick Leclerc
RL Rachel Loewen
TL Techiya Loewen
GM Gail McVey
MN Mark Norris
DP David Pilon
WP Wendy Preskow
WS Wendy Spettigue
CS Cathleen Steinegger
EW Elizabeth Waite
CW Cheryl Webb
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The GRADE system [31–33] explicitly describes how to rate the quality of each study, as well as how to synthesize the evidence and grade the strength of a recommendation. Using this system, we used GRADEpro software to develop an evidence profile for intervention studies where treatment outcomes could be summarized in this fashion. With GRADEpro, we synthesized and classified the overall quality of evidence for each intervention based on the quality of all of the studies, taking into account risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, publication bias, dose-response, and effect size [32]. Although we examined each outcome independently, when the rating of the evidence was the same, we collapsed the treatment outcomes in the GRADEpro tables for the sake of efficiency. We also used the AGREE II tool as well as the Guideline Implementability for Decision Excellence Model (GUIDE-M) to inform guideline development and this report [38, 39].

Copyright and License information: The Author(s) ©2021
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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