Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) was recorded using a pulse oximeter (ONYX OR9500, Nonin, Plymouth, MN, United States). Blood pressure was measured with the subject in a sitting position using an electronic sphygmomanometer (Omron HEM-6200, Japan) after a 10-minute rest period. Heart rate (HR) data were recorded using the synchronous electrocardiogram during echocardiography. We measured height and weight with a height and weight scale (RGZ-120, I WISH, China) 1 day before ascension at a low altitude. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight/(height)2.
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