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Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ)

AI Aminu Alhassan Ibrahim
MA Mukadas Oyeniran Akindele
SG Sokunbi Oluwaleke Ganiyu
BK Bashir Kaka
BB Bashir Bello
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The BBQ is a 14-item scale, with each item rated using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). Five of the items (4, 5, 7, 9, and 11) are distractors and nine items (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, and 14) are used for scoring of the questionnaire resulting in a total score ranging from 9 to 45 [20]. The score obtained for each item is reversed (for example 5 means 1, and 2 means 4) before summing to obtain the final score meaning the lower the scores, the more pessimistic beliefs regarding the consequences of back pain [20]. The original English BBQ demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α: 0.70) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC]: 0.87).

Copyright and License information:  ©2021 Ibrahim et al ©2021 Adewale L. OyeyemiThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ©2021 Adewale L. OyeyemiThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ©2021 Adewale L. OyeyemiThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ©2021 Adewale L. OyeyemiThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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