The SST was performed to evaluate the depressive-like behavior of rats and was conducted as previously reported.36 Grooming behavior indicates depressive symptoms measured by time in seconds. The shorter the time of grooming behavior, the higher the level of depression. The test was performed by spraying a 10% sucrose solution on the dorsal surface of the rodent’s body, and grooming behavior was measured in terms of licking, biting, or scratching the fur to clean the solution off. Grooming time was videotaped for 5 min.
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