Dil-oxLDL uptake assay

After 24 hours of starvation, MOVAS cells were incubated with 20 µg/mL Dil-oxLDL (Yi-yuan, Guangzhou, China) for 6 hours. Then, the cells were washed with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 30 minutes. The cell membrane was made permeable after treating with 0.03% TritonX-100 for 20 minutes. The nuclei were stained with DAPI for 5 minutes. For each sample, 5 distinct fields of view were selected and pictures were obtained using an inverted fluorescence microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).