For each fixation, we took 100–200 μL of previously trypsinized cells and resuspended them in 8 mL of buffer (1× PBS 1% BSA) in a 15-mL Falcon tube. We added 2 mL of previously prepared formaldehyde (FA) stock diluted in 1× PBS (at 0.5%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, or 20% FA in PBS), to result in a final concentration of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, or 4% in 10 mL total volume. The Falcon tubes were immediately gently shaken to homogenize the FA concentration. Samples were then incubated for 10 min at 4 °C in a see-saw shaker at 35–45 rpm. We then centrifuged twice at 1000g for 5 min (4 °C) to remove FA. After each centrifugation step, the supernatant was discarded. Fixed cells were resuspended in 5–7 mL of buffer (1× PBS 1% BSA), after the first centrifugation, and in 1 mL of TRIzol after the second, for RNA extraction as described below.
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