To assess the implication of P450 detoxification enzymes in pyrethroid resistance, bioassays with 4% PBO39, were conducted. For each mosquito population, four replicates of 20–25 F1 females mosquitoes were pre-exposed to PBO for 1 h and then transferred to tubes containing either 0.75% permethrin or 0.05% deltamethrin for 1 h. Bioassays were performed following the WHO protocol38. For each experiment, two replicates of 20–25 females mosquitoes exposed to PBO only were used as a control.
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