4.2. P700 Redox Kinetics Measurement

To evaluate the alternative electron flow rather than CO₂ fixation, we dark adapted attached leaves for 60 min to fully inactivate the Calvin cycle. Afterward, we used a Dual-PAM 100 measuring system (Heinz Walz, Effeltrich, Germany) to record the changes in P700 redox kinetics after transition from dark to 1455 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ for 20 s at 42 °C, 25 °C, and 4 °C.