Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was used to determine the size of NPs as well as the polydispersity index (PDI) employing a DynaPro MS/X, (Wyatt Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, USA). Dry nanoparticles were re-suspended in deionized water and sonicated for 10 min to improve dispersion homogeneity. Every sample was housed in quartz cuvettes and measured 40 times in one run. The zeta potential values were determined by laser Doppler anemometry using a Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument (Malvern, UK) at 25 °C. Samples were measured in triplicate.
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