The swelling test was performed by immersing pre-weighted samples, which had been cut into 1 cm2 square pieces, in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution of pH 7.4 at 37 °C. Subsequently, the samples were removed at specific time intervals and the excess water on the surface was carefully absorbed by using filter paper, after which the samples were weighted. The degree of swelling was calculated according to the following Equation [36].
where Wt is the weight of the swollen sample, and Wi is the sample at time zero (starting time).
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