Topographic images of DNA on graphene surface were acquired using a Multimode AFM equipped with a Nanoscope V controller (Bruker). Silicon cantilevers with a spring constant of 42 N/m (PPP-NCHR; Nanosensor) were used for imaging in air using tapping mode. Silicon nitride cantilevers with spring constants of 0.08 N/m (OMCL-TR400; Olympus) were used for imaging in fluid using peak force-tapping mode. The Nanoscope software was used for analyzing imaging data.
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