Geriatric nutritional risk index

The GNRI was calculated from the serum albumin and BMI:

GNRI=14.89* serum albumin (g/dl) +41.7*BMI/22 kg/m²

The cut-off values of GNRI were based on the report by Bouillanne et al. (10). They defined four grades of nutrition-related risk of morbidity and mortality for elderly patients: major risk (GNRI<82), moderate risk (82≤GNRI<92), low risk (92≤GNRI<98), and no risk (GNRI>98). We defined two groups of nutrition-related risk in our meta-analysis as follows: a low GNRI group (GNRI<92) with a risk of malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality and a high GNRI (GNRI≥92) group with low or no risk of malnutrition- related morbidity and mortality.