Melatonin was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Melatonin was administered after the hypoxic-ischemic insult in groups KO+Mel and WT+Mel. The dose was intraperitoneally injected daily according to body weight (0.1 mg/10 g body weight per day) at 5 min after the surgery and once every 24 h for 4 weeks (27). Meanwhile, the other two groups were injected with vehicle of the same volume (40) and at the same time in the evening (18:00–20:00). The concentration of melatonin was 2 mg/ml (27).
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