Adult snails of Cornu aspersum and Helix pomatia were obtained from a commercial dealer (Wiener Schneckenmanufaktur e.U., Vienna, Austria). Three individuals of the species Lymnaea stagnalis were collected from a pond in Mainz. Three individuals of each species were anesthetized on ice for 20 min and subsequently sacrificed by quickly cutting off the head to minimize pain. Hepatopancreatic tissue was isolated on an ice cooled aluminum plate. Tissue aliquots were stored in RNAlater™ (Invitrogen by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at − 80 °C. Samples were homogenized with a Precellys® homogenizer (Bertin Instruments, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France). Subsequently, DNA was isolated applying the DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). DNA integrity was checked on a 0.8% agarose gel (Biozym Scientific GmbH, Hessisch Oldendorf, Germany) and quantified via Nanodrop (ThermoFisher).
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