4.1. Cell Culture

DU145, LNCaP, MR49F, and V16D cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium. MR49F and V16D cells were kindly provided by Dr. Amina Zoubeidi (Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada) [38]. VCaP and PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM and MEM medium, respectively. All cells were passaged in media containing 10% FBS (Gibco^TM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Additionally, V16D and MR49F cells are supplemented with 1 mM sodium pyruvate. MR49F cells were maintained in media with 10 μM enzalutamide.