4.5. Electrolyte Leakage (EL)

The electrolyte leakage measurement was adjusted based on the method described previously by Cai et al. 2015 [9]. After placing six 1 cm² leaves from each treatment into a 50-mL-tube with 20 mL distilled deionized water, the tubes were shaken and electro-conductivity (EC_i) was immediately measured with a pH/cond meter (WTW, inoLab, Germany). After soaking the leaves for 12 h, the second conductivity was measured (EC_f). Then, the leaves were boiled for 1 h and the total electro-conductivity was measured (EC_t). The electrolyte leakage was calculated as follows: