The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the CMCn films was measured using the ASTM method (ASTM, E96-93, 1993). Cups containing ten grams of dried silica gel were covered with the specimens and sealed with paraffin wax. The sealed cups were weighed and kept at 25 °C in a desiccator with a saturated solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) to provide 75% RH. Then, the cups were re-weighed daily for 10 days. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the films was measured based on the weight gain of the cups and calculated using Equation (10):
where slope is the slope of linear equation of time (y-axis) versus weight gain (x-axis).
The water vapor permeability (WVP) (g m−2 mmHg−1 day−1) was calculated as Equation (11):
where L is the mean film thickness (mm) and P is the partial water vapor pressure difference (mmHg) across the two sides of the film specimen.
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