Real-time PCR

Total RNA was isolated from exosomes or brain tissues using PolyATtract® mRNA Isolation Systems (Promega, Madison, USA) according to the manufacturer's instruction. RNA concentration and purity were determined using NanoDrop 2000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA) according to the manufacturer's instruction. Reverse transcription was performed using GoScript™ Reverse Transcription System (Promega, Madison, USA) according to the manufacturer's instruction. RT-PCR assay was performed using GoTaq® Green Master Mix (Promega, Madison, USA) in 7900 HT PCR system (ABI, Foster City, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The primer information was list in Table 1. The expressions of GAPDH and U6 were used as control. The relative expressions were calculated using 2^-ΔΔCt method [61].