Blood glucose levels in the tail vein were measured using a Sannuo glucometer (Sannuo, China). We carried out the IPGTT and IPITT at the 20th and 22nd week, respectively. For the IPGTT, mice were fasted for 8 h and the blood glucose was measured at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after intraperitoneal injection of glucose (1 g/kg bw). For the ITT, mice were fasted for 6 h, then insulin (1 U/kg bw, from Gansulin R, Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical, China) was injected intraperitoneally, and blood glucose was measured at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min.
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