The apparent quantum yield (AQY) for photocatalytic reaction is given by Eq. (2):
where R and I represent the rate of gas evolution and the incident photon flux, respectively. A is the number of electrons consumed to generate one molecule of H2, and is 2 for photocatalytic hydrogen production from sacrificial methanol solution, and 4 for Z-scheme water splitting based on two-step photoexcitation. The photocatalytic reaction and measurement of the number of incident photons were carried out using the same light source equipped with various band-pass filters. The number of incident photons illuminating the reaction cell was measured using a grating spectroradiometer.
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