The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA)

SDSCA [18] is widely used in the world and has shown good reliability and validity in China. In Hua’s study, Cronbach’s α of the Chinese version of SDSCA was 0.918 [34]. The scale consists of 11 items, including general and special activities in diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and medication. A higher score indicates a better self-management behavior. SDSCA is used to validate the criterion validity of the preparedness dimension of SCPI. The preparedness part of SCPI reflects the degree of behavioral preparation of patients in the next month, and the SDSCA reflects the level of diabetic self-management through the frequency of self-care activities of patients in the first 7 days before reporting. Therefore, one month after the completion of the SCPI, some patients were investigated again with the SDSCA to verify whether the patient’s behavioral preparation was related to the subsequent self-management activities.

Sociodemographic data such as gender, age, education level, monthly income and whether there is health education for diabetes were self-reported by the participants. Clinical data of the participants such as HbA1c were collected from the hospital’s electronic medical records. We explained the purpose and the contents that need to be cooperated clearly to the patients, and promise to protect their privacy before the investigation. The patients check the corresponding options in accordance with their own daily self-management of diabetes on the paper by themselves. We would guide patients to fill in the questionnaire if they were unable to read.