Cell Scratch Assay

Cell migration was assessed by scratch assay. In short, cells were inoculated in six-well plates. Twenty-four hours after transfection, a 200-µl pipette tip was used to create cell scratches. The cell surface was washed with serum-free medium to remove the cell fragments. Then, cells were observed under a microscope and photographed, and the locations of the cells in the photos were recorded. The cells were cultured in an incubator at 37°C with 5% CO₂ for 24 h, and then the cell positions were photographed and recorded again. Finally, the migration distances of each experimental group were calculated.