GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs

GO functional analysis is a useful method for annotating genes and identifying characteristic biological attributes from high-throughput genome or transcriptome data ²¹. KEGG incorporates a wide range of databases, including those on genomes, biological pathways, diseases, drugs and chemical substances ²². The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, an online bioinformatics database ²³, was used for the GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, with FDR<0.05 as the cut-off criterion.