Statistical analysis

For comparison, patients were classified into two groups: those without respiratory complications to those with respiratory complications as defined by persistent coughing, desaturation measured by saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO₂) by pulse oximetry of less than 90% for longer than 10s, laryngospasm, stridor, bronchospasm, and reintubation. Patient demographics, baseline characteristics, procedures, intubation notes, and intraoperative variables were obtained from the electronic medical records and analyzed. Statistical analysis and graphs were performed and presented using Prism 8.4.2 (GraphPad Software Inc., La Jolla, CA). The normality of the distribution of continuous variables was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare continuous variables among groups. A 2-tailed P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables among groups. Continuous variables are presented as median with interquartile ranges (q1-q3), while categorical variables are summarized using frequencies and percentages.