All data were directly entered by the patient into a Qualtrics database. Use of PainAPP pages was monitored via analysis of website log files. Mean time spent on different activities was computed after removing outliers that likely reflected break periods. We could not directly determine how much time participants spent on the control website because we did not have access to that website’s log file. Because of the small sample size, the limited scope of the beta-testing, and biases detected during beta-testing, limited statistical analyses were performed. Recruitment was ended before our initial target of 50 patients was achieved because of serious challenges discovered that prompted a reassessment of the study design. The initial target sample of 50 was estimated to provide an 80% chance of detecting a 20% improvement on the primary outcome COMRADE with a type-I error rate of 0.05 [67].
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