Measurement of glucose, plasma insulin and HOMA-IR

Glucose concentration was measured by a PRESTO glucometer in mice with 4 hours fasting. Blood plasma was extracted by centrifugation at 4^oC for 20 min at 2,000 x g in 4 hours fasted mice. The measurement of plasma insulin was performed with ultra-sensitivity mouse insulin ELISA kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated by glucose (ng/dL) X insulin (uM/ml) / 22.5.