Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated cell model and drug treatment

To mimic ischemic injury in vitro, the OGD model was employed. OGD injury was induced by incubating cells with glucose-free DMEM and exposing them to a hypoxic environment of 94% N₂, 5% CO₂, and 1% O₂ for 6 h. The cells were treated with SA (1–100 μM) during hypoxia.