4.10. Wound-Healing Migration Assay

Cell migration was evaluated using a wound-healing assay. About 5 × 10⁵ cells were allocated into 6-well culture plates with a serum-containing medium and were allowed to grow to 90% confluence in a complete medium. The serum-containing medium was removed, and the cells were serum-starved for 24 h. At 100% confluence, an artificial, homogenous wound was made by scratching the monolayer using a sterile 200 μL pipette tip. Following the scratching, the cells were washed with serum-free medium. Pictures of cells migrating into the wound were captured at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h using a microscope. Three independent experiments were performed in triplicate.