Study sites

AK Abdul Qader Khan
LP Leyre Pernaute-Lau
AK Aamer Ali Khattak
SL Sanna Luijcx
BA Berit Aydin-Schmidt
MH Mubashir Hussain
TK Taj Ali Khan
FM Farees Uddin Mufti
UM Ulrika Morris
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Seventeen government and private hospitals in the four provinces with the highest malaria burden in Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Sindh, Balochistan, and Punjab) were invited to provide blood samples during routine malaria surveillance. Ten facilities responded and were included in this study: Bannu, Kohat, Karak, Dera Ismail Khan, Frontier Region (FR) Khyber, FR Dera Ismaeel (DI) Khan, and Hangu in KPK province; Karachi in Sindh Province; Quetta in Balochistan Province; and Dera Ghazi Khan in Punjab Province (Fig. 1). Symptomatic, febrile patients who visited government and/or private hospitals in these selected sites between January 2018 and February 2019 were registered in this study. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants/guardians before collecting clinical history and venous blood samples.

Map of Pakistan showing the geographical location of the 10 different sample collection sites. Pakistan is highlighted in green in the top left panel; red stars identify locations of reported Artemisinin resistance. In the enlarged map of Pakistan, red triangles indicate the 10 different sample collection sites in four provinces

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