4.2. Mice and Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs)

All experiments were conducted using 6–8-week-old NOD/SCID mice (Envigo, Huntingdon, UK, NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/NCrHsd). Forming the PDX model, patient-derived tumor tissue samples were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal flanks of the mice. The tumor growth rates varied from 1 to 6 months. PDXs have been maintained by passing the tumors in mice from the first generation to subsequent generations. Upon successful tumor engraftment, the tumors were expanded and retransplanted into NOD/SCID mice for the drug efficacy experiments.