Determination of ATP level in mitochondria

ATP level was detected by the ATP assay kit (Beyotime) based on the manufacturer’s instructions. In brief, after dissolved by lysis buffer, the isolated mitochondria were centrifuged at 12 000 g for 10 min at 4 °C. Then, the supernatant was mixed with ATP reagents. ATP level was measured by a Multi‐Mode Microplate Reader (Synergy H1). Finally, an ATP standard curve was established; then the ATP level was calculated.