Gastric fluid pH

As previously described by Yasutomi et al. (11), mice were unfed for 2 d with no solid food but provided water up until 2 h prior to experiments. TM_inh-23 (10 mg/kg), lansoprazole (10 mg/kg), or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally 6 h and 30 min prior to stomach excision. Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane, stomachs were excised, and contents were emptied into tubes on ice. The tubes were centrifuged at 15,600 g for 30 min at 0°C, and 50 µl of supernatant was used to measure pH immediately using AB15 pH Meter (Thermo Fisher Scientific).