Definitions

PFCs were defined as PPs and WOPNs according to the revised Atlanta classification,¹ and subsequently as sterile or infected based on the presence of signs of infection (fever, increased WBC or CRP, and/or evidence of gas bubbles at imaging examinations). PFCs were evaluated through computed tomography (CT) and EUS. The indications for PFC drainage were: refractory abdominal pain, impaired gastric outlet, anorexia and infected PFCs, according to current guidelines.^5,6 Presence of regional varices, suspected cystic neoplasms, coagulopathy (International Normalized Ratio. INR > 1.5), thrombocytopenia (platelets < 50.000/mm³) or absence of close proximity of PFC walls to EUS probe (>1 cm) were exclusion criteria. Technical success was defined as the ability to position and deploy the stent. Clinical success was defined as at least a 50% decrease in the PFC size based on radiological evaluation (either CT scan and/or magnetic resonance imaging) analysis at 30 days, associated with clinical resolution of the symptoms considered the primary indication to the procedure.

Adverse events were defined as: immediate peri-procedural (<24 hours), post-procedural early (<7 days) and delayed (>7 days).